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The Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLAC) estimates that the percentage of employed in the informal sector on total non farm employment increased in Latin America from 51.6% in 1990 to more than 56.7% in 1996 4. According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), the new jobs are being created are mostly low quality of every 100 new jobs, 85 are in the informal sector.

Technological development has significantly transformed the forms of production, creating the appearance of new and varied threats at work. A study by the World Health Organization (WHO), conducted by Leigh et al. 6 shows the importance of risk factors in terms of mortality and potential years of disability-adjusted life.

WHO, in its publication “Health and environment in sustainable development. Five years after the Earth Summit”, 7 draws attention to the exposure to risk factors in workplaces, including highlights the risks physical overload and risks, which affect 30% of the workforce in developed countries, and from 50 to 70% in developing countries, the biological (more than 200 agents), the physical (affecting 80 % of the workforce in developing countries) and chemicals (over 100 000 different substances in most economic activities, including teratogens and mutagens that particularly affect the maternal and reproductive health of workers ).

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Phenomena not well planned industrialization, growth of working-age populations, the use of new foreign technologies not adapted to physiologic conditions include, elementary aspects that influence the current situation and create new problems in the occupational health. It is necessary therefore that we develop our strategy for healthy work environment is a set of Actions which are basically promotional, preventive and participatory, which recognizes the right of workers to perform their working activities in a healthy and appropriate and be informed about the risks of the work environment in relation to their health, welfare and survival, as well as take an active role in the elimination and (or) mitigation of adverse environmental factors that affect labor welfare and quality of life on the basis of the definitions of their responsibilities and duties in relation to the protection and recovery of the work environment and health, and has as main objective to obtain further improvements in health and safety indicators, framed within the Regional Plan Occupational Health.

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Being constantly sit in a chair for a long period of time can cause contractures and severe pain in specific areas of the body. To counter this painful fact, there are different relaxation exercises.

While sitting up, placed in a position to bank on the floor, legs apart to shoulder height and make bends and breaks like a cat, accompanied by deep breathing and slow. Repeating this exercise 10 to 15 times.

Then reinserted in the same position and try to touch the ground with the opposite shoulder by shoulder with 3 rebounds accompanied with extension arm upward as if to touch the ceiling. Perform 10 to 20 times on each shoulder. In the same previous position extend opposite arm and leg while pointing the soles and the palms forward direction (Repeat 10 to 20 times).

And finally, settle your back, bend your legs toward your chest semi-open, taking knees with his hands, and 3 rebounds to perform chest pressing her hands to the body repeated 10 to 20 times.

Once this exercise may be improving a little of the ailments caused by sedentary life, however many women prefer to spend time at home gym. And one of the favorites for its qualities and benefits is the step:

The step is aerobic exercise that takes place with a small platform 20 inches high and a base of 60 wide by 45 long and generates a considerable improvement in strengthening the cardiovascular system, lungs and toning of the muscles.

Sixty minutes of physical work on the step, are sufficient to generate the effects that this type of gymnastics grants, especially those that involve movements of arms and legs.

To use all his benefits, is also necessary to combine a deep breath (the air entering the nose and exhaling through your mouth), and movements must be harmonious and thoroughly accurate, not violently or trouble.

The complementarity of these advantages are given with the application of cold water over the body just exercised, closing the pores and preventing the loss of stored energy in muscle tone. A variant is a shower with hot or warm water and then spend a sponge bath.

Between sets must necessarily take a minute and a half minutes, and between two different exercises, 1 to 3 minutes.

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