When a woman has polyhydramnios, means that the level of amniotic fluid surrounding the baby is very high. To understand how this condition can affect your health and your baby can help you learn about the role that amniotic fluid plays in a healthy pregnancy.

What you should know about the amniotic fluid

The amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus’s body plays an important role in normal development. This translucent liquid surrounds and protects the fetus and provides fluid. During the second trimester, the fetus is able to breathe the fluid, so that it enters your lungs, and swallowing, promoting normal growth and development of the lungs and gastrointestinal system. The amniotic fluid also allows the fetus move, which helps in the normal development of muscles and bones.

The amniotic sac containing the embryo is formed around 12 days after conception. Amniotic fluid begins to fill the bag immediately. During the first weeks of pregnancy, amniotic fluid consists mainly of water supplied by the mother. After about 12 weeks, the fluid is composed mainly of fetal urine. The amount of amniotic fluid increases until about week 28 to 32 of pregnancy, when measuring a little less than a quart. After that time, the liquid level usually remains stable until the fetus reaches full development (between 37 and 40 weeks), when it starts to decrease.

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Polyhydramnios is an uncommon (approximately 0.5% of pregnancies) and in most cases the cause is unknown. Amniotic fluid is constantly being updated, any change in its elimination or increased production would lead to polyhydramnios.

While there are pathologies associated with it like diabetes, blood incompatibility between maternal and fetal hypertension, syphilis, fetal malformations, abnormalities of the placenta or twin pregnancies, large numbers of cases have no apparent cause.

Treatment can be palliative, with strict control of pregnancy, rest, medication to prevent uterine contractions and the search for a cause or in cases with greater commitment is made part of the evacuation of fluids to prevent other complications such as rupture of membranes and / or preterm delivery.

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